Why does my tea taste bitter?

Bitterness and astringency have different causes and different fixes, and most brewing advice runs them together as one problem. This separates them.

tea

What is being compared

Why these get confused

Bitterness is a taste and astringency is a texture. Fixing one with the other’s remedy is why so much advice fails.

Point by point

AspectSenchaAssam
Most likely causeWater too hot. Japanese green tea above about 80 °C extracts bitterness before sweetness.Steeped too long. Assam gives up its astringency fast and does not stop.
The fixDrop to 70 °C. Nothing else changes as much.Cut the time to three minutes and remove the leaf.
If it is drying rather than bitterThat is astringency — reduce agitation and leaf quantity, not temperature.Same, and milk is the traditional answer for a reason.
Leaf quantityUnder-leafing and over-steeping to compensate is the commonest cause of both.Same mistake, same fix: more leaf, less time.
WaterVery hard water flattens tea; very soft water makes it sharp.Less sensitive than green tea, but the same applies.

The short answer

Almost every bitter cup comes from one of three things: water too hot, steeped too long, or not enough leaf with the time extended to compensate. Change one at a time.

Not a ranking. TeaHQ publishes no ratings and does not know your occasion.

Related comparisons