Lemon verbena vs lemongrass

Two lemon-scented materials from opposite sides of the world, blended together constantly and rarely distinguished. One is a leaf and one is a grass, and the difference in the cup is cleanliness.

botanical

What is being compared

Point by point

AspectLemon verbenaLemongrass
What it isA South American shrub, carried to Europe in the 1780s and now the standard French café tisane.A tropical grass whose swollen stem base carries the aroma.
Part usedThe leaf, stripped and dried whole.The stem base, fresh, frozen or dried and cut.
AppearanceLong pointed leaves that crumble rather than powder when dried well.Fibrous pale stalks, or coarse dried cut grass.
FlavourBright clean lemon with almost no bitterness and a slightly sweet finish.Lemon with a waxy, slightly soapy quality and a greener base.
PreparationSteeped, and it holds up to a long steep.Bashed or sliced first; fresh is a noticeably better drink than dried.
Where it belongsFrance as verveine, Morocco as louisa, Peru as hierba luisa.Thai, Vietnamese and Indonesian cooking and household infusions.
ConfusionSold as 'verbena', which also names a bitter European plant with no citrus at all.Sold as citronella grass in some markets, which is a related but different species.

The short answer

For a clean lemon infusion, verbena. For a Southeast Asian dish or a drink built on one, lemongrass — and the substitution reads as wrong in both directions.

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